{"id":8853,"date":"2025-02-08T22:07:25","date_gmt":"2025-02-08T19:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/?p=8853"},"modified":"2025-02-08T22:07:25","modified_gmt":"2025-02-08T19:07:25","slug":"sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunucu G\u00fcvenli\u011fi: Verilerinizi Koruman\u0131n Temel Ad\u0131mlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/frontpage\/\">Sunucu<\/a> g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong>, modern i\u015fletmelerin ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n dijital altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Sunucular, kritik verilerin depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015flemlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve uygulamalar\u0131n bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezi bir rol oynar. Bu nedenle, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, hem veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hem de i\u015f s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu makalede, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken temel ad\u0131mlar\u0131 detayl\u0131 ve teknik bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. Her bir ad\u0131m, uygulama \u00f6rnekleri ve en iyi uygulamalarla birlikte ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Makale \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#1_Guclu_Parola_Politikalari_ve_Kimlik_Dogrulama\" >1. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Parola Politikalar\u0131 ve Kimlik Do\u011frulama<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#11_Parola_Politikalari\" >1.1. Parola Politikalar\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Onerilen_Parola_Politikalari\" >\u00d6nerilen Parola Politikalar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#12_Cok_Faktorlu_Kimlik_Dogrulama_MFA\" >1.2. \u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama (MFA)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-2\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#2_Guncelleme_ve_Yama_Yonetimi\" >2. G\u00fcncelleme ve Yama Y\u00f6netimi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#21_Isletim_Sistemi_ve_Yazilim_Guncellemeleri\" >2.1. \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi ve Yaz\u0131l\u0131m G\u00fcncellemeleri<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-3\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#22_Guvenlik_Acigi_Taramasi\" >2.2. G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taramas\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-4\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#3_Ag_Guvenligi\" >3. A\u011f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#31_Guvenlik_Duvari_Firewall_Yapilandirmasi\" >3.1. G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (Firewall) Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-5\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#32_VPN_ve_Sifreli_Iletisim\" >3.2. VPN ve \u015eifreli \u0130leti\u015fim<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-6\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#4_Veri_Sifreleme\" >4. Veri \u015eifreleme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#41_Disk_Sifreleme\" >4.1. Disk \u015eifreleme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-7\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#42_Veritabani_Sifreleme\" >4.2. Veritaban\u0131 \u015eifreleme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-8\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#5_Yedekleme_ve_Felaket_Kurtarma\" >5. Yedekleme ve Felaket Kurtarma<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#51_Duzenli_Yedekleme\" >5.1. D\u00fczenli Yedekleme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-9\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#52_Felaket_Kurtarma_Plani\" >5.2. Felaket Kurtarma Plan\u0131<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Onerilen_Adimlar\" >\u00d6nerilen Ad\u0131mlar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#6_Izleme_ve_Log_Yonetimi\" >6. \u0130zleme ve Log Y\u00f6netimi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#61_Gercek_Zamanli_Izleme\" >6.1. Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 \u0130zleme<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-10\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#62_Log_Yonetimi\" >6.2. Log Y\u00f6netimi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#Uygulama_Ornegi-11\" >Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/sunucu-guvenligi-verilerinizi-korumanin-temel-adimlari\/#7_Sonuc\" >7. Sonu\u00e7<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Guclu_Parola_Politikalari_ve_Kimlik_Dogrulama\"><\/span>1. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Parola Politikalar\u0131 ve Kimlik Do\u011frulama<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Parola_Politikalari\"><\/span>1.1. Parola Politikalar\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc <a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/parola-saklama-uygulamalari-ve-karsilastirmalari\/\">parola<\/a> politikalar\u0131, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ilk ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Zay\u0131f parolalar, sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n sunucuya eri\u015fim sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Onerilen_Parola_Politikalari\"><\/span>\u00d6nerilen Parola Politikalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Uzunluk<\/strong>: En az 12 karakter.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/strong>: B\u00fcy\u00fck harf, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harf, rakam ve \u00f6zel karakterlerin birle\u015fimi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00fcreklilik<\/strong>: Parolalar\u0131n d\u00fczenli olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi (\u00f6rne\u011fin, her 90 g\u00fcnde bir).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda parola politikalar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in\u00a0<code>PAM<\/code>\u00a0(Pluggable Authentication Modules) kullan\u0131labilir.\u00a0<code>\/etc\/pam.d\/common-password<\/code>\u00a0dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek parola politikalar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<pre>password requisite pam_pwquality.so <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">retry<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">minlen<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span><span class=\"token number\">12<\/span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">dcredit<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span>-1 <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">ucredit<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span>-1 <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">ocredit<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span>-1 <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">lcredit<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span>-1<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Cok_Faktorlu_Kimlik_Dogrulama_MFA\"><\/span>1.2. \u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama (MFA)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u00c7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kimli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in birden fazla y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemler, parola, SMS kodu, biyometrik veri veya donan\u0131m token&#8217;lar\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-2\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda\u00a0<code>Google Authenticator<\/code>\u00a0kullanarak MFA yap\u0131land\u0131rabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>Google Authenticator&#8217;\u0131 Kurun<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> libpam-google-authenticator<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in MFA Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre>google-authenticator<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>PAM Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleyin<\/strong>:<br \/>\n<code>\/etc\/pam.d\/sshd<\/code>\u00a0dosyas\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre>auth required pam_google_authenticator.so<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Guncelleme_ve_Yama_Yonetimi\"><\/span>2. G\u00fcncelleme ve Yama Y\u00f6netimi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_Isletim_Sistemi_ve_Yazilim_Guncellemeleri\"><\/span>2.1. \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi ve Yaz\u0131l\u0131m G\u00fcncellemeleri<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00fcncel olmayan yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar, bilinen g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle sald\u0131rganlar i\u00e7in kolay hedefler olu\u015fturur. D\u00fczenli g\u00fcncelleme ve yama y\u00f6netimi, bu a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-3\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda g\u00fcncellemeleri otomatik olarak y\u00fcklemek i\u00e7in\u00a0<code>unattended-upgrades<\/code>\u00a0paketini kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>Paketi Kurun<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> unattended-upgrades<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleyin<\/strong>:<br \/>\n<code>\/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/50unattended-upgrades<\/code>\u00a0dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek otomatik g\u00fcncellemeleri etkinle\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<pre>Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"token string\">\"<span class=\"token variable\">${distro_id}<\/span>:<span class=\"token variable\">${distro_codename}<\/span>-security\"<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"token string\">\"<span class=\"token variable\">${distro_id}<\/span>:<span class=\"token variable\">${distro_codename}<\/span>-updates\"<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_Guvenlik_Acigi_Taramasi\"><\/span>2.2. G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Taramas\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00fczenli g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 taramalar\u0131, sunucudaki zafiyetleri tespit etmek ve bu zafiyetleri gidermek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-4\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><code>OpenVAS<\/code>\u00a0veya\u00a0<code>Nessus<\/code>\u00a0gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak d\u00fczenli g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 taramalar\u0131 yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Ag_Guvenligi\"><\/span>3. A\u011f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Guvenlik_Duvari_Firewall_Yapilandirmasi\"><\/span>3.1. G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (Firewall) Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131, sunucuya gelen ve giden trafi\u011fi kontrol eder ve yetkisiz eri\u015fimi engeller.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-5\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda\u00a0<code>UFW<\/code>\u00a0(Uncomplicated Firewall) kullanarak g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>UFW&#8217;yi Etkinle\u015ftirin<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temel Kurallar\u0131 Ekleyin<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow <span class=\"token function\">ssh<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow http\r\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow https<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_VPN_ve_Sifreli_Iletisim\"><\/span>3.2. VPN ve \u015eifreli \u0130leti\u015fim<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Sunucuya uzaktan eri\u015fim, \u015fifreli ileti\u015fim kanallar\u0131 \u00fczerinden sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. VPN (Virtual Private Network), bu t\u00fcr bir g\u00fcvenli ileti\u015fim sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-6\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><code>OpenVPN<\/code>\u00a0kullanarak bir VPN sunucusu kurabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>OpenVPN&#8217;i Kurun<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> openvpn<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 Olu\u015fturun<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> \/usr\/share\/doc\/openvpn\/examples\/sample-config-files\/server.conf.gz \/etc\/openvpn\/\r\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">gzip<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-d<\/span> \/etc\/openvpn\/server.conf.gz<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>OpenVPN&#8217;i Ba\u015flat\u0131n<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start openvpn@server<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Veri_Sifreleme\"><\/span>4. Veri \u015eifreleme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Disk_Sifreleme\"><\/span>4.1. Disk \u015eifreleme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Disk \u015fifreleme, sunucudaki verilerin yetkisiz eri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-7\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda\u00a0<code>LUKS<\/code>\u00a0(Linux Unified Key Setup) kullanarak disk \u015fifreleme yapabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>LUKS&#8217;yi Kurun<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> cryptsetup<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diski \u015eifreleyin<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> cryptsetup luksFormat \/dev\/sdX<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u015eifrelenmi\u015f Diski A\u00e7\u0131n<\/strong>:\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner-wrap\">\n<div class=\"md-code-block-banner\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> cryptsetup <span class=\"token function\">open<\/span> \/dev\/sdX my_encrypted_disk<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Veritabani_Sifreleme\"><\/span>4.2. Veritaban\u0131 \u015eifreleme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Veritaban\u0131 \u015fifreleme, hassas verilerin yetkisiz eri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-8\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>MySQL veritaban\u0131nda\u00a0<code>AES_ENCRYPT<\/code>\u00a0ve\u00a0<code>AES_DECRYPT<\/code>\u00a0fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak verileri \u015fifreleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<pre><span class=\"token keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">INTO<\/span> users <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>username<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> password<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">VALUES<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'user1'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> AES_ENCRYPT<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'password123'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'encryption_key'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> AES_DECRYPT<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>password<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'encryption_key'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> users <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> username <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'user1'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Yedekleme_ve_Felaket_Kurtarma\"><\/span>5. Yedekleme ve Felaket Kurtarma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"51_Duzenli_Yedekleme\"><\/span>5.1. D\u00fczenli Yedekleme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00fczenli yedekleme, veri kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve felaket durumlar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kurtarma yapmak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-9\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Linux sunucularda\u00a0<code>rsync<\/code>\u00a0kullanarak d\u00fczenli yedekleme yapabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<div class=\"md-code-block\">\n<pre><span class=\"token function\">rsync<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-avz<\/span> \/var\/www\/html \/backup\/<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"52_Felaket_Kurtarma_Plani\"><\/span>5.2. Felaket Kurtarma Plan\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/felaket-kurtarma-hizmeti-draas-nedir\/\">Felaket kurtarma<\/a> plan\u0131, sunucu \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde veya veri kayb\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kurtarma yapmak i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Onerilen_Adimlar\"><\/span>\u00d6nerilen Ad\u0131mlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Yedekleme Stratejisi<\/strong>: Tam, art\u0131ml\u0131 ve diferansiyel yedekleme stratejileri belirleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kurtarma Testleri<\/strong>: D\u00fczenli olarak kurtarma testleri yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Izleme_ve_Log_Yonetimi\"><\/span>6. \u0130zleme ve Log Y\u00f6netimi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"61_Gercek_Zamanli_Izleme\"><\/span>6.1. Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 \u0130zleme<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 izleme, sunucu performans\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini s\u00fcrekli olarak izlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-10\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><code><a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/nagios-nedir-nagios-nasil-kurulur\/\">Nagios<\/a><\/code>\u00a0veya\u00a0<code><a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/ubuntu-mysql-ve-zabbix-kurulumu\/\">Zabbix<\/a><\/code>\u00a0gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak sunucuyu ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"62_Log_Yonetimi\"><\/span>6.2. Log Y\u00f6netimi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Log y\u00f6netimi, g\u00fcvenlik olaylar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek ve analiz etmek i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uygulama_Ornegi-11\"><\/span>Uygulama \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><code>ELK Stack<\/code>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/linux-almalinux-elasticsearch-kurulumu\/\">Elasticsearch<\/a>, Logstash, Kibana) kullanarak loglar\u0131 toplayabilir, analiz edebilir ve g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Sonuc\"><\/span>7. Sonu\u00e7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, modern i\u015fletmelerin ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n dijital altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc parola politikalar\u0131, g\u00fcncelleme ve yama y\u00f6netimi, a\u011f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, veri \u015fifreleme, yedekleme ve felaket kurtarma, izleme ve log y\u00f6netimi gibi ad\u0131mlar, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu makalede, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken temel ad\u0131mlar\u0131 detayl\u0131 ve teknik bir \u015fekilde inceledik. Her bir ad\u0131m, uygulama \u00f6rnekleri ve en iyi uygulamalarla birlikte ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulayarak, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011finizi art\u0131rabilir ve verilerinizi koruyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, modern i\u015fletmelerin ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n dijital altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Sunucular, kritik verilerin depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015flemlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve uygulamalar\u0131n bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezi bir rol oynar. Bu nedenle, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, hem veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hem de i\u015f s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu makalede, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken temel ad\u0131mlar\u0131 detayl\u0131 ve teknik bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8898,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[232],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8853","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8853"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8853\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sunucucozumleri.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}